SQLite 的 GLOB 运算符是用来匹配通配符指定模式的文本值。如果搜索表达式与模式表达式匹配，GLOB 运算符将返回真（true），也就是 1。与 LIKE 运算符不同的是，GLOB 是大小写敏感的，对于下面的通配符，它遵循 UNIX 的语法。
星号（*）代表零个、一个或多个数字或字符。问号（?）代表一个单一的数字或字符。这些符号可以被组合使用。
* 和 ? 的基本语法如下：
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<span class="pln">SELECT FROM table_name WHERE column GLOB </span><span class="str">'XXXX*'</span> <span class="kwd">or</span><span class="pln"> SELECT FROM table_name WHERE column GLOB </span><span class="str">'*XXXX*'</span> <span class="kwd">or</span><span class="pln"> SELECT FROM table_name WHERE column GLOB </span><span class="str">'XXXX?'</span> <span class="kwd">or</span><span class="pln"> SELECT FROM table_name WHERE column GLOB </span><span class="str">'?XXXX'</span> <span class="kwd">or</span><span class="pln"> SELECT FROM table_name WHERE column GLOB </span><span class="str">'?XXXX?'</span> <span class="kwd">or</span><span class="pln"> SELECT FROM table_name WHERE column GLOB </span><span class="str">'????'</span> |
您可以使用 AND 或 OR 运算符来结合 N 个数量的条件。在这里，XXXX 可以是任何数字或字符串值。
下面一些实例演示了 带有 '*' 和 '?' 运算符的 GLOB 子句不同的地方：
| 语句 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| WHERE SALARY GLOB '200*' | 查找以 200 开头的任意值 |
| WHERE SALARY GLOB '*200*' | 查找任意位置包含 200 的任意值 |
| WHERE SALARY GLOB '?00*' | 查找第二位和第三位为 00 的任意值 |
| WHERE SALARY GLOB '2??' | 查找以 2 开头，且长度至少为 3 个字符的任意值 |
| WHERE SALARY GLOB '*2' | 查找以 2 结尾的任意值 |
| WHERE SALARY GLOB '?2*3' | 查找第二位为 2，且以 3 结尾的任意值 |
| WHERE SALARY GLOB '2???3' | 查找长度为 5 位数，且以 2 开头以 3 结尾的任意值 |
让我们举一个实际的例子，假设 COMPANY 表有以下记录：
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<span class="pln">ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY </span><span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="lit">1</span> <span class="typ">Paul</span> <span class="lit">32</span> <span class="typ">California</span> <span class="lit">20000.0</span> <span class="lit">2</span> <span class="typ">Allen</span> <span class="lit">25</span> <span class="typ">Texas</span> <span class="lit">15000.0</span> <span class="lit">3</span> <span class="typ">Teddy</span> <span class="lit">23</span> <span class="typ">Norway</span> <span class="lit">20000.0</span> <span class="lit">4</span> <span class="typ">Mark</span> <span class="lit">25</span> <span class="typ">Rich</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="typ">Mond</span> <span class="lit">65000.0</span> <span class="lit">5</span> <span class="typ">David</span> <span class="lit">27</span> <span class="typ">Texas</span> <span class="lit">85000.0</span> <span class="lit">6</span> <span class="typ">Kim</span> <span class="lit">22</span> <span class="typ">South</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="typ">Hall</span> <span class="lit">45000.0</span> <span class="lit">7</span> <span class="typ">James</span> <span class="lit">24</span> <span class="typ">Houston</span> <span class="lit">10000.0</span> |
下面是一个实例，它显示 COMPANY 表中 AGE 以 2 开头的所有记录：
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<span class="pln">sqlite</span><span class="pun">></span><span class="pln"> SELECT </span><span class="pun">*</span><span class="pln"> FROM COMPANY WHERE AGE GLOB </span><span class="str">'2*'</span><span class="pun">;</span> |
这将产生以下结果：
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<span class="pln">ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY </span><span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="lit">2</span> <span class="typ">Allen</span> <span class="lit">25</span> <span class="typ">Texas</span> <span class="lit">15000.0</span> <span class="lit">3</span> <span class="typ">Teddy</span> <span class="lit">23</span> <span class="typ">Norway</span> <span class="lit">20000.0</span> <span class="lit">4</span> <span class="typ">Mark</span> <span class="lit">25</span> <span class="typ">Rich</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="typ">Mond</span> <span class="lit">65000.0</span> <span class="lit">5</span> <span class="typ">David</span> <span class="lit">27</span> <span class="typ">Texas</span> <span class="lit">85000.0</span> <span class="lit">6</span> <span class="typ">Kim</span> <span class="lit">22</span> <span class="typ">South</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="typ">Hall</span> <span class="lit">45000.0</span> <span class="lit">7</span> <span class="typ">James</span> <span class="lit">24</span> <span class="typ">Houston</span> <span class="lit">10000.0</span> |
下面是一个实例，它显示 COMPANY 表中 ADDRESS 文本里包含一个连字符（-）的所有记录：
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<span class="pln">sqlite</span><span class="pun">></span><span class="pln"> SELECT </span><span class="pun">*</span><span class="pln"> FROM COMPANY WHERE ADDRESS GLOB </span><span class="str">'*-*'</span><span class="pun">;</span> |
这将产生以下结果：
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<span class="pln">ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY </span><span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="pun">----------</span> <span class="lit">4</span> <span class="typ">Mark</span> <span class="lit">25</span> <span class="typ">Rich</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="typ">Mond</span> <span class="lit">65000.0</span> <span class="lit">6</span> <span class="typ">Kim</span> <span class="lit">22</span> <span class="typ">South</span><span class="pun">-</span><span class="typ">Hall</span> <span class="lit">45000.0 from:<a href="http://www.runoob.com/sqlite/sqlite-glob-clause.html">http://www.runoob.com/sqlite/sqlite-glob-clause.html</a></span> |