获得当前日期+时间(date + time)函数:now()
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mysql> select now(); +---------------------+ | now() | +---------------------+ | 2008-08-08 22:20:46 | +---------------------+ |
获得当前日期+时间(date + time)函数:sysdate()
sysdate() 日期时间函数跟 now() 类似,不同之处在于:now() 在执行开始时值就得到了, sysdate() 在函数执行时动态得到值。看下面的例子就明白了:
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mysql> select now(), sleep(3), now(); +---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | now() | sleep(3) | now() | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | 2008-08-08 22:28:21 | 0 | 2008-08-08 22:28:21 | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+ |
sysdate() 日期时间函数,一般情况下很少用到。
MySQL 获得当前时间戳函数:current_timestamp, current_timestamp()
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mysql> select current_timestamp, current_timestamp(); +---------------------+---------------------+ | current_timestamp | current_timestamp() | +---------------------+---------------------+ | 2008-08-09 23:22:24 | 2008-08-09 23:22:24 | +---------------------+---------------------+ |
MySQL Date/Time to Str(日期/时间转换为字符串)函数:date_format(date,format), time_format(time,format)
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mysql> select date_format('2008-08-08 22:23:01', '%Y%m%d%H%i%s'); +----------------------------------------------------+ | date_format('2008-08-08 22:23:01', '%Y%m%d%H%i%s') | +----------------------------------------------------+ | 20080808222301 | +----------------------------------------------------+ |
MySQL 日期、时间转换函数:date_format(date,format), time_format(time,format) 能够把一个日期/时间转换成各种各样的字符串格式。它是 str_to_date(str,format) 函数的 一个逆转换。
MySQL Str to Date (字符串转换为日期)函数:str_to_date(str, format)
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select str_to_date('08/09/2008', '%m/%d/%Y'); -- 2008-08-09 select str_to_date('08/09/08' , '%m/%d/%y'); -- 2008-08-09 select str_to_date('08.09.2008', '%m.%d.%Y'); -- 2008-08-09 select str_to_date('08:09:30', '%h:%i:%s'); -- 08:09:30 select str_to_date('08.09.2008 08:09:30', '%m.%d.%Y %h:%i:%s'); -- 2008-08-09 08:09:30 |
可以看到,str_to_date(str,format) 转换函数,可以把一些杂乱无章的字符串转换为日期格式。另外,它也可以转换为时间。“format” 可以参看 MySQL 手册。
MySQL (日期、天数)转换函数:to_days(date), from_days(days)
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select to_days('0000-00-00'); -- 0 select to_days('2008-08-08'); -- 733627 |
MySQL (时间、秒)转换函数:time_to_sec(time), sec_to_time(seconds)
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select time_to_sec('01:00:05'); -- 3605 select sec_to_time(3605); -- '01:00:05' |
MySQL 拼凑日期、时间函数:makdedate(year,dayofyear), maketime(hour,minute,second)
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select makedate(2001,31); -- '2001-01-31' select makedate(2001,32); -- '2001-02-01' select maketime(12,15,30); -- '12:15:30' |
MySQL (Unix 时间戳、日期)转换函数
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unix_timestamp(), unix_timestamp(date), from_unixtime(unix_timestamp), from_unixtime(unix_timestamp,format) |
下面是示例:
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select unix_timestamp(); -- 1218290027 select unix_timestamp('2008-08-08'); -- 1218124800 select unix_timestamp('2008-08-08 12:30:00'); -- 1218169800 select from_unixtime(1218290027); -- '2008-08-09 21:53:47' select from_unixtime(1218124800); -- '2008-08-08 00:00:00' select from_unixtime(1218169800); -- '2008-08-08 12:30:00' select from_unixtime(1218169800, '%Y %D %M %h:%i:%s %x'); -- '2008 8th August 12:30:00 2008' |
MySQL 为日期增加一个时间间隔:date_add()
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set @dt = now(); select date_add(@dt, interval 1 day); -- add 1 day select date_add(@dt, interval 1 hour); -- add 1 hour select date_add(@dt, interval 1 minute); -- ... select date_add(@dt, interval 1 second); select date_add(@dt, interval 1 microsecond); select date_add(@dt, interval 1 week); select date_add(@dt, interval 1 month); select date_add(@dt, interval 1 quarter); select date_add(@dt, interval 1 year); select date_add(@dt, interval -1 day); -- sub 1 day |
MySQL adddate(), addtime()函数,可以用 date_add() 来替代。下面是 date_add() 实现 addtime() 功能示例:
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mysql> set @dt = '2008-08-09 12:12:33'; mysql> mysql> select date_add(@dt, interval '01:15:30' hour_second); +------------------------------------------------+ | date_add(@dt, interval '01:15:30' hour_second) | +------------------------------------------------+ | 2008-08-09 13:28:03 | +------------------------------------------------+ mysql> select date_add(@dt, interval '1 01:15:30' day_second); +-------------------------------------------------+ | date_add(@dt, interval '1 01:15:30' day_second) | +-------------------------------------------------+ | 2008-08-10 13:28:03 | +-------------------------------------------------+ |
MySQL 为日期减去一个时间间隔:date_sub()
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mysql> select date_sub('1998-01-01 00:00:00', interval '1 1:1:1' day_second); +----------------------------------------------------------------+ | date_sub('1998-01-01 00:00:00', interval '1 1:1:1' day_second) | +----------------------------------------------------------------+ | 1997-12-30 22:58:59 | +----------------------------------------------------------------+ |
MySQL date_sub() 日期时间函数 和 date_add() 用法一致,不再赘述。
MySQL 日期、时间相减函数:datediff(date1,date2), timediff(time1,time2)
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MySQL datediff(date1,date2):两个日期相减 date1 - date2,返回天数。 select datediff('2008-08-08', '2008-08-01'); -- 7 select datediff('2008-08-01', '2008-08-08'); -- -7 |
MySQL timediff(time1,time2):两个日期相减 time1 – time2,返回 time 差值。
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select timediff('2008-08-08 08:08:08', '2008-08-08 00:00:00'); -- 08:08:08 select timediff('08:08:08', '00:00:00'); -- 08:08:08 |
注意:timediff(time1,time2) 函数的两个参数类型必须相同。
MySQL 时间戳(timestamp)转换、增、减函数:
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timestamp(date) -- date to timestamp timestamp(dt,time) -- dt + time timestampadd(unit,interval,datetime_expr) -- timestampdiff(unit,datetime_expr1,datetime_expr2) -- |
请看示例部分:
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select timestamp('2008-08-08'); -- 2008-08-08 00:00:00 select timestamp('2008-08-08 08:00:00', '01:01:01'); -- 2008-08-08 09:01:01 select timestamp('2008-08-08 08:00:00', '10 01:01:01'); -- 2008-08-18 09:01:01 select timestampadd(day, 1, '2008-08-08 08:00:00'); -- 2008-08-09 08:00:00 select date_add('2008-08-08 08:00:00', interval 1 day); -- 2008-08-09 08:00:00 MySQL timestampadd() 函数类似于 date_add()。 select timestampdiff(year,'2002-05-01','2001-01-01'); -- -1 select timestampdiff(day ,'2002-05-01','2001-01-01'); -- -485 select timestampdiff(hour,'2008-08-08 12:00:00','2008-08-08 00:00:00'); -- -12 select datediff('2008-08-08 12:00:00', '2008-08-01 00:00:00'); -- 7 |
MySQL timestampdiff() 函数就比 datediff() 功能强多了,datediff() 只能计算两个日期(date)之间相差的天数。
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convert_tz(dt,from_tz,to_tz) select convert_tz('2008-08-08 12:00:00', '+08:00', '+00:00'); -- 2008-08-08 04:00:00 |
时区转换也可以通过 date_add, date_sub, timestampadd 来实现。
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select date_add('2008-08-08 12:00:00', interval -8 hour); -- 2008-08-08 04:00:00 select date_sub('2008-08-08 12:00:00', interval 8 hour); -- 2008-08-08 04:00:00 select timestampadd(hour, -8, '2008-08-08 12:00:00'); -- 2008-08-08 04:00:00 |
更多参考 http://www.cnblogs.com/she27/archive/2009/01/16/1377089.html