一切福田，不離方寸，從心而覓，感無不通。

Java中四种线程安全的单例模式实现方式

第一种：饿汉模式（线程安全）

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public class Single2 {
 
    private static Single2 instance = new Single2();
    
    private Single2(){
        System.out.println("Single2: " + System.nanoTime());
    }
    
    public static Single2 getInstance(){
        return instance;
    }
}

 

第二种：懒汉模式 （如果方法没有synchronized，则线程不安全）

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public class Single3 {
 
    private static Single3 instance = null;
    
    private Single3(){
        System.out.println("Single3: " + System.nanoTime());
    }
    
    public static synchronized Single3 getInstance(){
        if(instance == null){
            instance = new Single3();
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

 

第三种：懒汉模式改良版（线程安全，使用了double-check，即check-加锁-check，目的是为了减少同步的开销）

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public class Single4 {
 
    private volatile static Single4 instance = null;
    
    private Single4(){
        System.out.println("Single4: " + System.nanoTime());
    }
    
    public static Single4 getInstance(){
        if(instance == null){
            synchronized (Single4.class) {
                if(instance == null){
                    instance = new Single4();
                }
            }
        }
        return instance;
    }
}

 

第四种：利用私有的内部工厂类（线程安全，内部类也可以换成内部接口，不过工厂类变量的作用域要改为public了。）

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public class Singleton {
    
    private Singleton(){
        System.out.println("Singleton: " + System.nanoTime());
    }
    
    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        return SingletonFactory.singletonInstance;
    }
    
    private static class SingletonFactory{
        private static Singleton singletonInstance = new Singleton();
    }
}

 

from:https://my.oschina.net/yangchunlian/blog/1607947

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